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Compared to men, women live longer but experience greater morbidity as they age. However, little is known about the rapidly growing population of women aging with disability. Women aging with disabilities may encounter barriers that increase risk of morbidity, including lack of access to medical care or inadequate assistance, equipment, or services. To evaluate risks of morbidity in this group, we...
Progressive resistance training (PRT) counteracts sarcopenia and has been demonstrated to improve physical function and quality of life in older adults. Despite the clear benefits of PRT, participation remains low. The core self-evaluation (CSE) construct is theoretically antecedent to four personality traits: locus of control, self-esteem, neuroticism (emotional stability), and generalized self-efficacy...
Osteoporosis and its consequent fractures is a major public health problem.To formulate a position statement on the use of bone densitometry in screening postmenopausal women for osteoporosis and in their management.Literature review and consensus of expert opinion.Bone densitometry has an important role in screening postmenopausal women for osteoporosis. For higher sensitivity and specificity, there...
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke is the most common cause of female death. Premenopausal CHD is very rare but when women enter the menopause the incidence of CHD increases markedly. CHD presents 10 years later in women than in men. The reason is still unclear but the protective effects of estrogens have been suggested.To formulate a position statement...
Phytoestrogens (PEs) are polyphenols of plant origin among which flavones, flavanones, isoflavones, coumarins, chalcones, lignans and stilbenes are the best representatives. By interacting with specific residues of the estradiol-binding pocket of estrogen receptors (ERs), they induce estrogenic responses, supporting the concept that they could be of benefits against the menopausal disorders due to...
The prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone density in men over the age of 65 is approximately 45%. The public health response to a disease affecting almost half of a given population includes assessment of knowledge and design of educational interventions in order to improve screening and prevention. The aim of this systematic review is two fold. We aim to describe older men's knowledge about the...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrine disorders, affecting 5–10% of the female population of reproductive age. “Classic” PCOS is characterized by clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism and oligo-ovulation. According to the 2003 Rotterdam criteria, two additional phenotypes are recognized: (1) the ovulatory patient with androgen excess and polycystic ovarian morphology...
To examine the prevalence and correlates of foot problems in older women over a 6-year period.Women aged 70–75 years who participated in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health completed a postal questionnaire incorporating questions relating to demographics, major medical conditions and health status in 1999 (n=8059) and 2005 (n=4745).Self-reported foot problems at baseline and at 6 years...
To investigate the association between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the occurrence of simultaneous fractures of the upper limb in older women who sustain a fall-related fracture of the hip.Cross-sectional study.We investigated 472 of 480 white women consecutively admitted to a rehabilitation hospital because of a fall-related hip fracture. Twenty-seven (5.7%) of the 472 women sustained...
The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the available evidence from the published scientific literature on dementia care and service provision in rural and remote settings from the perspective of formal/paid caregiving, in order to assess the current state of knowledge, identify policy and practice implications, and make recommendations for future research.A systematic review of the literature...
The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the available evidence from the published scientific literature on informal/family dementia care in rural and remote settings to assess the current state of knowledge, identify support implications, and make recommendations for future research.A systemic review of the literature indexed in ISI Web of Knowledge, PsychInfo, Medline, Healthstar, CINAHL,...
In the past two decades, there has been an exponential increase in the use of medicinal herbal products around the world. In various countries, these products are classified and promoted as foods, not pharmaceuticals, which facilitate their availability on the international market without requiring a medical prescription.Since older adults (OAs) are an important and growing sector of the population...
Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) concentrations have been associated with radiologic worsening of osteoarthritis in some reports. However, the results are mixed and few studies have evaluated associations between 25(OH) D concentrations and both total vitamin D intake and clinical joint symptoms.Cross-sectional analyses of information from a subset of 1993 postmenopausal women obtained at baseline...
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders. It affects mainly women. This autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) is characterized by intermittent or chronic damage to the myelin sheaths (demyelination), focal inflammation and axonal degeneration. During the early relapsing/remitting stages of MS, myelin can regenerate, but as the disease progresses the...
In breast cancer patients, menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, urogenital problems, musculoskeletal symptoms and cognitive dysfunction are common, regardless of age at diagnosis. They affect quality of life and systemic therapy will worsen this. Endocrine and/or chemotherapy may induce temporary or permanent ovarian failure and can exacerbate these symptoms. Hormone therapy (HT) has been studied...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the UK, with 46,000 new cases and 12,000 deaths due to this disease estimated to have occurred in 2008. Around three-quarters of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor and are therefore presumed to be hormone-responsive and potentially treatable or preventable by anti-estrogenic agents. Expression of the HER2 receptor occurs in a fifth of...
Breast stem cells are long-lived cells and so are exposed to carcinogenic influences for much longer than normal differentiated breast ductal cells. It is hypothesized that these stem cells are the major site of carcinogenesis within the breast. Epidemiological studies have suggested that early life events and early first pregnancy profoundly affect breast cancer risk in adult life. It seems likely...
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